| # | Concept | Culture | Statement | Freq. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | flight route planning | Middle East | Consideration of connecting flights through major airline hubs is common | 1 |
| 2 | route planning | Middle Eastern countries | Consideration of desert terrain and sand dune navigation in route planning | 1 |
| 3 | trade routes | Middle East | Historically, the Arabian Peninsula was a crucial crossroads for trade routes linking Asia, Africa, and Europe. | 1 |