| # | Concept | Culture | Statement | Freq. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pepper spray | Japan | Strictly regulated and not widely carried by individuals, with a greater reliance on law enforcement for personal safety | 1 |
| 2 | pepper spray | Japan | Restricted or prohibited as a weapon and not commonly carried for personal use. | 1 |
| 3 | pepper spray | Japan | Restricted and less commonly used due to strict regulations on possession and use of self-defense items | 1 |
| 4 | pepper spray | Japan | Restricted or illegal for public use, considered a weapon | 1 |