| # | Concept | Culture | Statement | Freq. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | academic competition | Denmark | Emphasis on work-life balance and less pressure on academic competition | 1 |
| 2 | academic competition | Norway | Emphasis on cooperation and group learning rather than individual competition | 1 |
| 3 | math competition | Norway | Existing as opportunities for students to challenge themselves and develop problem-solving skills | 1 |