| # | Concept | Culture | Statement | Freq. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grassroots activism | Saudi Arabia | Heavily restricted, especially for women, and perceived as challenging traditional societal norms, often resulting in harsh penalties | 1 |
| 2 | online activism | Saudi Arabia | Viewed with suspicion and subject to censorship due to authoritarian governance | 1 |
| 3 | political activism | Bahrain | Legally restricted and tightly monitored by the government | 1 |
| 4 | political activism | Saudi Arabia | Risky and can lead to severe consequences, including imprisonment or worse | 1 |