| # | Concept | Culture | Statement | Freq. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | author-editor relationship | Japan | Authors and editors often have a respectful and formal relationship, with a focus on harmony and consensus in the editing process. | 1 |
| 2 | authorship | Japan | Authorship is important, but there is a strong emphasis on collective creativity and shared credit for authored works. | 1 |
| 3 | authorship order | Japan | Often influenced by seniority and hierarchy within the research team | 1 |
| 4 | publication authorship | Japan | Authorship order in publications is often rotated among the members of the research group, emphasizing collective effort over individual contribution. | 1 |