| # | Concept | Culture | Statement | Freq. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hostage taking | North Africa | Historically used as a tactic in conflicts and political negotiations, with instances of state-sponsored hostage taking. | 1 |
| 2 | hostage taking | North Africa | Historically used as a method of conflict resolution or negotiation in certain regions and may be associated with political or military actions. | 1 |
| 3 | kidnapping | North Africa | Kidnapping may be motivated by political or ideological reasons, and ransom is not always the primary objective. | 1 |