| # | Concept | Culture | Statement | Freq. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | former | Western countries | Refers to the first of two things mentioned | 1 |
| 2 | former | Western countries | The former president refers to the previous president of the country. | 1 |
| 3 | latter | Western culture | Refers to the second of two things or people mentioned previously | 1 |
| 4 | latter | Western culture | Refers to the second of two things or people mentioned | 1 |