| # | Concept | Culture | Statement | Freq. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bitter | Eastern countries | Bitter taste is often linked to medicinal herbs and is associated with health benefits, and is accepted as part of traditional cuisine. | 1 |
| 2 | bitterness | Eastern countries | Bitterness is less preferred in foods and beverages, and is often balanced with other flavors to reduce its intensity. | 1 |
| 3 | bitterness | Eastern culture | Bitterness is appreciated in certain foods and drinks, such as bitter melon and matcha tea, and is considered to have health benefits. | 1 |