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1
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bastard
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Middle Eastern culture
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The term 'bastard' has varying societal stigmas within Middle Eastern culture due to different beliefs about family and relationships.
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4
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2
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bastard
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Western culture
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Historically, being born out of wedlock in Western culture was stigmatized and illegitimate children faced discrimination.
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3
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3
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bastard
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Islamic culture
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In Islamic culture, all children, regardless of their birth circumstances, should be treated with love and care.
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2
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4
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bastard
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Portugal
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In historical Portugal, being acknowledged as a 'bastard' by a noble father could result in privileged treatment.
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1
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